104 第四課 聖靈實施救贖的工作：概論

Lecture 4 THE SPIRIT’S APPLICATION OF REDEMPTION – An Overview

聖靈怎樣使我與基督聯合? How does the Holy Spirit unite me to Christ?

這就是『救贖的次序』的問題。This is the issue of the ordo salutis (order of salvation).

羅 Romans 8:28-30

我們曉得萬事都互相效力﹐叫愛神的人得益處﹐就是按祂旨意被召的人。

因為祂預先所知道的人﹐就預先定下效法祂兒子的模樣﹐使祂兒子在許多弟兄

中作長子﹔

預先定下的人﹐又召他們來﹔所召來的人﹐又稱他們為義﹔所稱為義的人﹐又

叫他們得榮耀。

And we know that God causes all things to work together for good to those who love God, to those who are called according to His purpose.

For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren;

and these whom He predestined, He also called; and these whom He called, He also justified; and these whom He justified, He also glorified.

預定 Predestination -> 呼召 Calling -> 稱義 Justification -> 得榮耀 Glorification.

(這段經文明顯地有一個次序。 So we can see an order here.)

慕理﹐《再思救贖奇恩》﹐第二部分。

John Murray, Redemption Accomplished and Applied (part 2).

Sinclair Ferguson, 《磐石之上》。葉從容譯。

簡體字：中華展望出版。

繁體字：臺北基督教改革宗繙譯社出版。

Sinclair Ferguson, The Christian Life: A Doctrinal Introduction.

I. 呼召 (有效的恩召)

CALLING (Effectual Call)

林前 I Corinthians 1:9

上帝是信實的﹐你們原是被祂所召﹐好與祂兒子﹐我們的主耶穌基督一同得分。

God is faithful, through whom you were called into fellowship with His Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.

羅 8:29-30上 Romans 8:29-30a

因為祂預先所知道的人﹐就預先定下效法祂兒子的模樣﹐使祂兒子在許多弟兄

中作長子。

預先定下的人﹐又召他們來…

For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren;

and these whom He predestined, He also called …

聖靈將福音帶到我的面前。上帝呼召我(上帝以祂的聖旨召我。) 結果是﹕我被召了。聖靈『得著』我的生命 (抓著了我) 。聖靈的呼著是大能有力的﹐有效的。

The Holy Spirit brings the gospel TO me. God calls me. And the result: I am called. The Holy Spirit takes hold of me. His calling is powerful and effective (effectual).

(Foreknowledge/fore-love -> predestination -> calling -> justification -> glorification)

(預知/預備=愛 -> 預定 -> 呼召 -> 稱義 -> 得榮耀)

II. 重生

REGENERATION (The Holy Spirit re-births a person)

(注﹕清教徒與《威敏斯特信仰告白》﹕ 「重生」被歸在「呼召」裡討論。)

(Note: For Puritans and WCF, “regeneration” is discussed as part of “calling.”)

約 John 3:3, 5, 8

3 耶穌回答說﹕我實實在在的告訴你﹐人若不重生﹐就不能見上帝的國。

5 耶穌回答說﹕我實實在在的告訴你﹐人若不是從水和 (聖) 靈生的﹐就不能進上帝

的國。

8 風隨著意思吹﹐你聽見風的響聲﹐卻不曉得從那裡來﹐往那裡去﹔凡從 (聖) 靈

生的﹐也是如此。

3 Jesus answered and said to him, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again he cannot see the kingdom of God.”

5 Jesus answered, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit he cannot enter into the kingdom of God. …

8 The wind blows where it wishes and you hear the sound of it, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going; so is everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

(注意次序﹕重生->進神的國/稱義﹐立嗣)

(Note sequence: regeneration -> entering God’s kingdom/justified and adopted)

結 Ezekiel 36: 25, 26, 27

25 我必用清水灑在你們身上﹐你們就潔淨了。我要潔淨你們﹐使你們脫離一切

的污穢﹐棄掉一切的偶像。

26 我也要賜給你們一個新心﹐將新靈放在你們裡面﹔又從你們的肉體中除掉石心

﹐賜給你們肉心。

27 我必將我的靈放在你們裡面﹐使你們順從我的律例﹐謹守遵行我的典章。

25 Then I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean; I will cleanse you from all your filthiness and from all your idols.

26 Moreover, I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; and I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh.

27 I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will be careful to observe My ordinances.

多 Titus 3:4-7

4 但到了上帝我們救主的恩慈和祂向人所施的慈愛顯明的時候﹐

5 祂便救了我們﹔並不是因我們自己所行的義﹐乃是照祂的憐憫﹐藉著重生的洗

和聖靈的更新。

6 聖靈就是神藉著耶穌基督我們救主厚厚澆灌在我們身上的﹐

7 好叫我們因祂的恩得稱為義﹐可以憑著永生的盼望成為後嗣 (或﹕『可以憑著盼

望承受永生』) 。

4 But when the kindness of God our Savior and His love for mankind appeared,

5 He saved us, not on the basis of deeds which we have done in righteousness, but according to His mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewing by the Holy Spirit,

6 whom He poured out upon us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior,

7 so that being justified by His grace we would be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life.

(Note sequence: regeneration -> justification -> eternal life)

(注意次序﹕重生 -> 稱義 -> 永生)

注意﹕上帝拯救了我們 - 真正的拯救﹗

Note: God saved us; God really saved us!

「重生」與一個人「悔改﹐相信」或「接受耶穌基督為個人救主」不一樣。

“To be born again” is not the same things as my faith in Christ.

「重生」的意思是﹕聖靈進入我的心中﹐賜給我一個新的心。

“Regeneration” means that the Holy Spirit comes INTO my heart, and gives me a NEW heart.

結 Ezekiel 36:25-27:

(a) 25節 - 除去石心(不順服的心)。God takes away the heart of stone (disobedient).

(b) 26 節 – 上帝把肉心放在人裡(順服的心)。God replaces it with a heart of flesh (obedient).

約 John 3:3, 5, 8:

(a) 「以水重生」的意思﹕潔淨 (不是洗禮﹗上下文從沒有提到洗禮。)。

Born of water. Cleansing. Not baptism! (Baptism is nowhere mentioned in the context as the subject of discussion.)

(b) 「以靈重生」的意思﹕ 聖靈賜新的人性(新的心)。Born of the Holy Spirit (gives me a new nature).

多 Titus 3:4-7:

(a) 潔淨。Cleansing.

(b) 靈。The Spirit.

林後 II Corinthians 5:17

若有人在基督裡﹐他就是新造的人。舊事已過﹐都變成新的了。

Therefore if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creature; the old things passed away; behold, new things have come.

重生乃是聖靈在一個人裡面﹐徹底的﹐全人的改變。結果﹕他是一個新的人。

Regeneration is the inner, total, and radical transformation of a person by the Holy Spirit, so that the result is: he is a new person (II Corinthians 5:17).

完全的新了。真正的新了。

Totally new. Really new.

重生是一個奧秘。可是﹐絕對是一個事實。很多時候﹐重生是一個過程。

Regeneration is a mystery. However it is a fact. Often, it can be a process.

III. 歸正 /回轉 (信心 +悔改)

CONVERSION (Faith and Repentance)

(聖靈所重生的人能夠﹕) (Regeneration results in, causes):

歸正 /回轉 =信心 +悔改。

CONVERSION = Faith and repentance.

信心 Faith =

(a) 認知。知道福音。Notitia: knowledge of the Gospel, I am aware of the Gospel;

(b) 同意/認同。被說服。扎心。Assensus: agreement, I am convinced, I am convicted;

只安息在祂完成了的救贖功勞裡。接受/擁抱祂為救主。降服。

Fiducia: commitment, turning over my life to Christ, trust in his blood only, depend on his blood only, rest in him only, embrace/receive him only as my Savior. Surrender.

悔改 Repentance =

(a) 承認。Confess my sin(s);

(b) 憂傷。恨惡罪。羞恥。Grieve over sin, hate sin, be ashamed of sin(s);

Ask for forgiveness, 求赦免﹐

Believe Christ’s forgiveness, 相信上帝藉基督的赦免﹐

Receive Christ’s forgiveness by faith. 接受上帝藉基督的赦免。

對傳道人實際的涵義﹕我們必須邀請﹐懇求罪人悔改。

Practical implication for pastors: Do plead with sinners to repent, to turn and live.

以西結書Ezekiel 18﹕30-32

所以主耶和華說﹕以色列家啊﹐我必按你們各人所行的審判你們。你們當回頭

離開所犯的一切罪過﹔這樣﹐罪孽必不使你們敗亡。

你們要將所犯的一切罪過盡行拋棄﹐自作一個新心和新靈。以色列家啊﹐你們

何必死亡呢﹖

主耶和華說﹕我不喜悅那死人之死﹐所以你們當回頭而存活﹗

“Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, each according to his conduct,” declares the Lord God. “Repent and turn away from all your transgressions, so that iniquity may not become a stumbling block to you.

Cast away from you all your transgressions which you have committed and make yourselves a new heart and a new spirit! For why will you die, O house of Israel?

For I have no pleasure in the death of anyone who dies,” declares the Lord God; “Therefore, repent and live.”

上帝說﹕回轉罷﹗我不喜悅罪人滅亡﹗回轉﹐存活﹗

God says: “Turn! Why die? I am not pleased when you die. Turn and live!”

這是很有意思的事﹕改革宗神學並不排除呼召人信主﹗試看歷代的『改革宗』 (相

信﹐宣講神的預定揀選的) 佈道家﹕保羅﹐清教徒﹐懷特非德﹐司步真﹐唐崇榮﹗

其實﹐當我們真正的了解《聖經》時﹐我們會發現﹐上帝永恆的預旨﹐揀選的教

義為佈道事工提供了正確的﹐真理上的基礎與動力﹗

Isn’t it interesting! Reformed theology does not preclude an invitation to people to come to the Savior! Look at the leading evangelists who believe and preach the doctrine of election through history: Paul, the Puritans, George Whitefield, Charles Spurgeon, Stephen Tong! If we truly understand the Bible, we will see that the doctrine of God’s eternal electiona actually gives a true impetus to evangelism, a foundation and motivation for evangelism which is based on truth.

IV. 稱義JUSTIFICATION

稱義。是一個法律上的動作 (宣告) 。

Justification. It is a legal (forensic) act: a legal declaration.

上帝宣告我在祂目前的地位﹕我不再是一個有罪的人 (罪名不成立)﹕我在上帝面前的罪孽除去了。

God pronounces my new status: I am no longer a guilty sinner. The guilt (iniquity) which I had before God has been removed.

羅 Rom. 3:25-26

上帝設立耶穌作挽回祭﹐是憑著耶穌的血﹐憑著人的信﹐要顯明上帝的義。因為

祂用忍耐的心寬容人先時所犯的罪﹐

好在今時顯明祂的義﹔使人知道祂自己為義﹐也稱信耶穌的人為義。

whom God displayed publicly as a propitiation in His blood through faith. This was to demonstrate His righteousness, because in the forbearance of God He passed over the sins previously committed;

for the demonstration, I say, of His righteousness at the present time, so that He would be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.

上帝是公義的﹐也稱(信的) 人為義 (恩典) 。

God is just and the justifier (gracious).

上帝是稱義的神﹕這是祂的恩典。

God is justifier: that is grace.

可是﹐上帝也是公義的。這怎麼說﹖

But God is just: in what sense is God “just” in this context?

(一) 耶穌付了罪價﹕祂完全承當了刑罰。

(二) 聖靈在我裡面重生了我。

(三) 上帝再造了我﹔我被重造﹐成為新的人。

(四) 現在神宣告﹕我是義人。

(五) 上帝將基督裡的義 (聖潔) 歸算給我。

保羅書信與雅各書並不矛盾。

(a) Jesus paid the full price.

(b) The Holy Spirit gave me new birth.

(d) Now God pronounces me righteous.

(e) God imputes to me Christ’s righteousness. Paul and James do not contradict.

V. 立嗣ADOPTION

立嗣 (成為上帝的兒女) 。

Adoption: God receives us as his sons (children).

羅8:14-17

因為凡被上帝的靈引導的，都是神上帝的兒子。

你們所受的不是奴僕的心﹐仍舊害怕﹔所受的乃是兒子的心﹐因此我們呼叫『阿

爸﹐父』。

聖靈與我們的心同證我們是上帝的兒女﹔

既是兒女﹐便是後嗣﹐就是上帝的後嗣﹐和基督同作後嗣。如果我們和祂一同受苦﹐也必和祂一同得榮耀。

For all who are being led by the Spirit of God, these are sons of God.

For you have not received a spirit of slavery leading to fear again, but you have received a spirit of adoption as sons by which we cry out, “Abba! Father!”

The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirit that we are children of God.

and if children, heirs also, heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with him so that we may also be glorified with Him.

VI. 成聖 SANCTIFICATION

聖靈賜信徒力量﹐好叫我們治死罪 - 向罪說『不﹗』﹐和向上帝（向義）活。

The Holy Spirit enables me to say “No!” to sin, and to say “Yes!” to God.

基督徒與非基督徒有什麼不同﹖

(一) 基督徒誠實地面對自己的罪。

(二) 基督徒懂得如何處理罪﹕就是﹐跑到十字架面前。

(三) 基督徒在克服罪的權勢上﹐會有進步。

The 3 differences about a Christian:

(a) a Christian is honest about sin;

(b) a Christian knows what to do about sin – turn to the cross; and

(參﹕巴刻﹐《活在聖靈中》。)

VII. 聖徒的堅忍 PERSEVERANCE OF THE SAINTS

聖靈保守每一位神所揀選﹐每一位在基督裡的人﹐保守他們在基督裡直到永遠。

The Holy Spirit keeps everyone whom God chooses, who is in Christ: the Holy Spirit keeps him/her in Christ forever.

羅 Rom. 8:29, 30

29 因為祂預先所知道的人﹐就預先定下效法祂兒子的模樣﹐使祂兒子在許多弟兄中作長子﹔

30 預先定下的人﹐又著他們來﹔所召來的人﹐又稱他們為義﹔所稱為義的人﹐

又叫他們得榮耀。

For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren;

and these whom He predestined, He also called; and these whom He called, He also justified; and these whom He justified, He also glorified.

約 John 10:28, 29

28 我又賜給他們永生﹐他們永不滅亡﹐誰也不能從我手裡把他們奪去。

29 我父把羊賜給我﹐他比萬有都大﹐誰也不能從我父手裡把他們奪去。

and I give eternal life to them, and they will never perish; and no one will snatch them out of My hand.

My Father, who has given them to Me, is greater than all; and no one is able to snatch them out of the Father’s hand.

注﹕這與福音派中「信徒的永遠安穩」的教義不一樣。

Note: “The doctrine of the perseverance of the saints” is not the same as “the doctrine of the eternity security of the believer.”

VIII. 得榮耀 GLORIFICATION

我死後就到耶穌那裡。在天堂﹐我將有一個新的﹐榮耀的身體。

在永恆裡﹐有新天新地。

When I die, I go to where Jesus is. In heaven, I will have a new body, there will be a new heaven, and a new earth.

閱讀：

《威敏斯特信仰告白》，第10-11章。 Westminster Confession of Faith, Chapters 10-11.

網上閱讀：www.chinachristianbooks.org. 參：『歷史信經及信條』Creeds and Confessions.