025第二十五課 信心：使人得救的信心的本質，必須性與責任
LECTURE 25 DOCTRINE OF FAITH: NATURE OF, WARRANT FOR, AND
RESPONSIBILITY
OF SAVING FAITH
B. 使人得救的信心的本質。Nature of Saving
Faith. Fides
specialis.
This saving
faith is the same faith as that of general faith.
1. 使人得救的信心。Reference
to saving faith.
上帝要人有信心，因為人有罪，必被上帝審判，定罪。
Faith has
no meaning apart from sin and condemnation.
福音若不是向罪人說的，就不是福音。
If the
gospel is not addressed to sinners, it is not the gospel.
福音向人說話；可是不是按照人對自己需要的理解（意識）。
The gospel
is not directed to men’s weaknesses as they sense it.
我們不可要求人們自行解釋自己的需要。
We must not
ask men to interpret their own need.
耶穌基督是人們問題的答案；可是不是按照人類對自己需要的解釋。
Jesus
Christ is not the answer to the need as modern man interprets for himself.
（田立克﹕將這種方法論普及化。 Paul
Tillich formalizes this approach: the principle of correlation. User-friendly
churches. )
賽55:1
你們一切乾渴的都當近水來。 沒有銀錢的也可以來。 你們都來, 買了吃不用銀錢, 不用價值, 也來買酒和奶。
Isaiah 55:1
1 “Ho! Every one who thirsts,
come to the waters; And you who have no money come, buy and eat. Come, buy wine
and milk Without money and without cost.”
-- 一切乾渴的人，都來就水！Every one that thirsts, come to the
water.
太11:28
凡勞苦擔重擔的人, 可以到我這裡來, 我就使你們得安息。
Matt. 11:28
“Come to Me, all who are weary and heavy-laden, and I will give you
rest.”
-- 凡勞苦的，擔重擔的，來就我。Those who are weary and heavy-laden:
come to me.
太9:12-13
12 耶穌聽見, 就說, 康健的人用不著醫生, 有病的人才用得著。
13 (經上)說: [我喜愛憐恤, 不喜愛祭祀.] 這句話的意思, 你們且去揣摩。我來,本不是召義人, 乃是召罪人。
Matt. 9:12-13
12 But when
Jesus heard {this,} He said, “{It is} not those who are healthy who
need a physician, but those who are
sick.
13 “But go
and learn what this means: ‘I DESIRE COMPASSION, AND NOT SACRIFICE,’ for I did
not come to call the righteous, but sinners.”
-- 康健的人，用不著醫生。
-- Those who are whole, do not need a physician.
--誰需要醫生？由聖經來解釋（判斷）。
--
Scripture interprets this need.
-- 這並不意味著﹕福音只是向已經扎心知罪的罪人說話的。
-- This does not
mean the Gospel is offered only to convicted sinners.
-- 這是另類的偏差﹕預備主義 (preparationism)﹕將宣講律法和宣講福音分開。
-- This is
another form of preparationism: to separate preaching
of law and gospel.
-- 福音是為罪人設計的；不只是為已經扎心知罪的罪人。
-- The Gospel is
designed for sinners, and not merely convicted sinners.
2. 使人得救的信心的要素。Elements
of saving faith.
a. 認知。Notitia.
知識，認知。對耶穌基督有某一程度的認識（資料）。
Knowledge,
cognition. Information re. Jesus Christ.
理性作出回應。若不相信耶穌是誰，不可能信靠基督為救主。
Intelligent
response. No faith in Jesus without faith about
Jesus.
羅10:9-10
9 你若口裡認耶穌為主, 心裡信上帝叫祂從死裡復活, 就必得救。
10 因為人心裡相信, 就可以稱義. 口裡承認, 就可以得救。
Romans
10:9-10
9 that if
you confess with your mouth Jesus {as} Lord, and believe in your heart that God
raised Him from the dead, you will be saved;
10 for with
the heart a person believes, resulting in righteousness, and with the mouth he
confesses, resulting in salvation.
-- 信心的關鍵，不在乎得到更多，更豐富的知識。
-- The
distinctive moment of saving faith is not an enrichment
in knowledge.
-- 不過，使人得救的信心，必需藉知識而來。
-- But saving
faith only comes by knowledge.
-- 因此，宣教首要的工作，就是教導人們認識福音的內容。
-- Therefore:
Instructing elements of the gospel = first task of missions.
-- 宣教者必需講解福音的信息（故事）。
The STORY
needs to be told. Education.
Francis Pieper, Christian Dogmatics, II: 402.
b. 同意，相信。Assensus.
-- 同意所傳講的福音。信念，扎心知罪。
-- Giving assent
to information given. Conviction.
-- 明白﹕真理與我有關，與我的狀況有關。
-- Realization
that truth is directly relevant to me and my situation.
c. 信靠，委身。
Fiducia =Trust.
Pisteuo + en + dative
Pisteuo + epi +
dative/accusative
Pisteuo + eis +
accusative
Dative:
notion of place
-- 信靠﹕信的對象是基督。信心是向祂，朝著祂的。
--Faith in:
faith upon, resting upon. Epi, eis:
motion; toward, into, upon. Faith directed to.
-- 接受，領受基督。投奔基督。
-- To embrace
Jesus Christ. Abandonment
to Jesus Christ.
-- 使人得救的信心，就是接受，投奔基督，以致得救。
-- Saving faith
is embracing of, abandonment to Jesus Christ in order to be saved.
-- 使人得救的信心，不是相信自己已經得救了。（巴特，Robert Schuller.）
-- Saving faith
is not belief that one has been saved.
-- 那是得救的確據，是與信心陪伴而來的。
-- That’s
assurance which accompanies faith.
-- 宣講福音，不是宣告我們已經得救這個客觀真理。這是新正統神學的觀點。
-- Preaching is
not proclaiming objective truth THAT we have been saved (neo-orthodox).
認知 + 同意 + 委身。
NOTITIA + ASSENSUS +
FIDUCIA
COGNITION + CONVICTION
+ CONFIDENCE (COMMITMENT)
3. 信心三要素的相互關係。Inter-relatedness
of the elements of faith.
分辨三要素，只是為了解釋。
Elements
are distinguished only for intelligible exposition.
這不是時間上的次序。
Not
chronological series.
提後 1:12
為這緣故, 我也受這些苦難。然而我不以為恥。因為我知道我所信的是誰,也深信祂能保全我所交付祂的, (或﹕祂所交託我的)直到那日。
II Timothy
1:12
For this
reason I also suffer these things, but I am not ashamed; for I know whom I have
believed and I am convinced that He is able to guard what I have entrusted to
Him until that day.
信心本身並不算什麼，並沒有本身的價值。信心的價值在於它的對象與本質。
Faith is
nothing in and of itself. Value of
faith is in its nature and object.
信心是投奔耶穌基督。
Faith is
abandonment to Jesus Christ.
我們藉信心得救的真正意思，就是我們是憑恩典得救。
We are
saved by faith = we are saved by grace.
我們的信心並不能拯救我們。基督拯救我們！
Faith does
not save us. Christ saves us.
基督在我們裏面作成悔改，信心和順服的工夫。
Christ
evokes response of repentance, faith and obedience in men.
信心，不可從悔改和順服分開。
Faith
cannot be severed from repentance and obedience.
C. 信心在得救上的必需性，和人的責任
Warrant for and Responsibility of
Saving Faith.
1. 釋題。Nature
of the question.
人根據什麼（倚靠什麼權柄）接受基督？
By what
authority does a man receive Christ?
我有什麼把握，基督會接受我？
What
assurance do I have, that Christ will receive me?
信靠上帝，不可以祂的恩典為理所當然的。
Resting
upon God does not mean presuming upon God.
把上帝的赦罪當作是理所當然的 = 對上帝不敬。
Taking
forgiveness for granted = impiety.
我們有信心，有把握基督會接受我們（有根據的把握）-> 導致謙卑。
Confidence
in Christ which is warranted -> humility.
2. 信心把握的根據，和我們邀請人信主的責任。
Warrant for
faith, and responsibility to issue invitation.
信心的根據 = 福音普世的（向全人類的）邀請。
Warrant for
faith is to be derived from universal invitation of Gospel.
所有人都被邀請，沒有區別。
All are
invited without discrimination.
很有意思﹕這方面大部份的經問都在舊約。
Remarkably,
most of relevant passages are in the Old Testament.
賽45:22
地極 (的人) 都當仰望我, 就必得救。因為我是上帝, 再沒有別神。
Isaiah
45:22
“Turn to Me and be saved, all the ends of the earth; For I am God,
and there is no other.”
--上帝邀請全地的人。
-- God
invites men from all earth.
結18:20,21
20 惟有犯罪的, 他必死亡。兒子必不擔當父親的罪孽, 父親也不擔當兒子的罪
孽。義人的善果必歸自己, 惡人的惡報也必歸自己。
21 惡人若回頭離開所作的一切罪惡, 謹守我一切的律例, 行正直與合理的事
他必定存活, 不致死亡。
Ezekiel
18:20, 21
20
“The person who sins will die.
The son will not bear the punishment for the father’s iniquity, nor will the
father bear the punishment for the son’s iniquity; the righteousness of the
righteous will be upon himself, and the wickedness of
the wicked will be upon himself.
21 “But if
the wicked man turns from all his sins which he has committed and observes all
My statutes and practices justice and righteousness, he shall surely live; he
shall not die.”
結18:23
主耶和華說, 惡人死亡, 豈是我喜悅的麼？不是喜悅他回頭離開所行的道存活麼？
Ezekiel 18:
23
“Do I have
any pleasure in the death of the wicked,” declares the Lord GOD, “rather than
that he should turn from his ways and live?”
--上帝在這裏勸導人。
-- God is exhorting.
結33:11
你對他們說, 主耶和華說, 我指著我的永生起誓, 我斷不喜悅惡人死亡惟喜悅惡人轉離所行的道而活。以色列家阿, 你們轉回, 轉回罷; 離開惡道, 何必死亡呢？
Ezekiel
33:11
“Say to
them, ‘As I live!’ declares the Lord GOD, ‘I take no pleasure in the death of
the wicked, but rather that the wicked turn from his way and live. Turn back, turn back from your evil ways! Why then will you die, O house of Israel?’
太11:28
凡勞苦擔重擔的人, 可以到我這裡來, 我就使你們得安息。
Matt. 11:28
“Come to Me, all who are weary and heavy-laden, and I will give you
rest.”
約3:16
上帝愛世人, 甚至將他的獨生子賜給 (他們), 叫一切信他的, 不至滅亡反得永生。
John 3:16
“For God so
loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son,
that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life.
徒17:30
世人蒙昧無知的時後, 上帝並不監察, 如今卻吩咐各處的人都要悔改。
Acts 17:30
“Therefore
having overlooked the times of ignorance, God is now declaring to men that all
{people} everywhere should repent.”
3．福音的吩咐。
Command
of the gospel.
耶穌是主，祂使用祂的主權吩咐人。
Jesus as
Lord exerts His Lordship.
徒17﹕30 – 蒙昧無知的時候﹕舊約時期。
Acts 17:30
-- Times of ignorance = Old Economy.
上帝不監察人，為了容忍，直到基督和聖靈的時代成就救贖。
God endures
them for the sake of looking over, looking beyond to salvation in the age of
Christ and the Spirit.
上帝向人宣告（declare）。
Apaggellei – God declaring to men (NASB).
這個宣告，等於命令，吩咐。
Declaration
amounts to a command.
上帝吩咐人悔改﹕也吩咐人相信。
Command to
repent = also a command to believe.
約6:29
耶穌回答說, 信上帝所差來的, 這就是作上帝的工。
John 6:29
Jesus
answered and said to them, “This is the work of God, that
you believe in Him whom He has sent.”
-- 信心是作上帝的工作。
-- It is a work
of God.
-- 不信就是不順服。
-- Unbelief is
characterized as disobedience.
羅4:20
並且仰望上帝的應許, 總沒有因不信, 心裡起疑惑。反倒因信心裡得堅固, 將榮耀歸給上帝。
Romans 4:20
yet, with respect to the promise of
God, he did not waver in unbelief but grew strong in faith, giving glory to
God.
羅11:23
而且他們若不是長久不信, 仍要被接上。因為上帝能夠把他們從新接上。
Romans
11:23
And they
also, if they do not continue in their unbelief, will be grafted in, for God is
able to graft them in again.
提前1:13
我從前是褻瀆 (上帝)的, 逼迫 (人)的, 悔慢 (人)的。然而我還蒙了憐憫,因我是不信不明白的時候而作的。
I Tim. 1:13
even though I was formerly a blasphemer
and a persecutor and a violent aggressor. Yet I was shown mercy because I acted
ignorantly in unbelief;
約3:36
信子的人有永生。不信子的人得不著(.永.)生, (原文作不得見永生)上帝的震怒常在他身上。
John 3:36
“He who
believes in the Son has eternal life; but he who does not obey the Son will not
see life, but the wrath of God abides on him.”
徒14:2
但那不順從的猶太人聳動外邦人, 叫他們心裡惱恨弟兄。
Acts 14:2
But the
Jews who disbelieved stirred up the minds of the Gentiles and embittered them
against the brethren.
徒19:9
後來有些人, 心裡剛硬不信, 在眾人面前毀謗這道, 保羅就離開他們, 也門徒與他們分離, 便在推喇奴的學房, 天天辯論。
Acts
19:9
But when
some were becoming hardened and disobedient, speaking evil of the Way before
the people, he withdrew from them and took away the disciples, reasoning daily
in the school of Tyrannus.
-- 不信 = 不順服。
-- Apistia – apeitheo. Unbelief = disobedience.
4. 福音的應許。
Promise
of the gospel.
-- 福音的應許包含在邀請裏。這應許不是無條件的。
-- The promise
included in the overture of the gospel, is not unconditional.
-- 應許是向相信的人應許。
-- The promise
is promise to faith.
-- 所以，信心是應許的條件。
-- In that
sense, promise is contingent on faith.
-- 不過，這應許是無誤的，絕對可靠的。
-- But the
promise is infallible.
-- 人相信，必得到獎賞（恩典）。
-- Faith WILL be
rewarded.
約珥書 2:32
那時候, 凡求告耶和華名的就必得救。因為照耶和華所說的, 錫安山耶路撒冷必有逃脫的人, 在剩下的人中必有耶和華所召的。
Joel 2:32
“And it
will come about that whoever calls on the name of the LORD Will be delivered;
For on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem There will be those who escape, As the LORD
has said, Even among the survivors whom the LORD calls.
徒2:21
到那時候, 凡求告主名的, 就必得救。
Acts 2:21
‘AND IT
SHALL BE THAT EVERYONE WHO CALLS ON THE NAME OF THE LORD WILL BE SAVED.’
羅10:13
因為 [凡求告主名的, 就必得救。]
Romans
10:13
for “WHOEVER WILL CALL ON THE NAME OF
THE LORD WILL BE SAVED.”
-- 實際應用﹕要不斷的向你的會眾宣講，勸導。
Practical
application: Impress this on your congregation.
-- 要求告主的名，他們必不失望！
Call upon
the name of the Lord – they will not be disappointed.
5. 我們救主的絕對完備性。
All-sufficiency
of the Savior himself.
-- 救主的應許﹕祂必拯救。
-- The Savior’s
promise = He will
deliver.
-- 祂是完備的救主﹕祂大有能力拯救。
-- All
sufficiency = He can
deliver.
-- 基督的救贖工作是完全的，已經完全成就了。
-- His work is
perfect; perfectly accomplished.
-- 祂完全贖罪；祂的贖罪是針對（特定的）個人需要的。
Full
atonement, definite atonement.
羅4:25
耶穌被交給人, 是為我們的過犯, 復活是為叫我們稱義。(或作耶穌是我們的過犯交付了是為我們稱義復活了。)
Romans 4:25
{He}
who was delivered over because of our transgressions, and was raised because of
our justification.
--所以，相信基督並不是不敬。信主，並不是當著上帝恩典為理所當然的。
--
Therefore, it is not presumption to believe.
-- 其實，不信才是藐視上帝的恩典，不感謝。
-- Rather,
it would be ingratitude and contempt not to believe.
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